Josephus and preterism Josephus, the Heavenly Armies, and the Second Coming: Did Jesus Return in AD 70? One of the more intriguing arguments put forward by full preterists is that the Jewish historian Flavius Josephus recorded the fulfilment of Jesus’ Second Coming shortly before the destruction of Jerusalem in AD Read more…
The angel of the LORD Exodus 23 Exodus 23:20–23 — The Angel of the LORD, Divine Agency, and Why Scripture’s Own Explanation Matters One of the most frequently cited arguments for the pre-incarnate deity of Christ is the identity of the Angel of the LORD. Because this angel often speaks Read more…
Did Jesus Keep the Passover Meal? One of the most debated questions surrounding the final week of Jesus’ life is whether He actually ate the Passover meal before His crucifixion. Countless theories have been proposed regarding the timing of Passover, whether Jesus followed a different calendar, whether John presents a Read more…
Melchizedek Scroll Does the Melchizedek Scroll (11Q13) Prove That Some Jews Believed the Messiah Was God? One of the Dead Sea Scrolls frequently cited in discussions of Christology is 11QMelchizedek (11Q13). Some have argued that this document demonstrates that certain Jews before the time of Christ expected a divine Messiah Read more…
Did Moses change Gods words? Moses, Sinai, and the Question of Added Commands A Study on Exodus 19–24 Introduction A growing argument in some circles claims that Moses altered or added to the commandments of God during the Sinai narrative. Two major examples are often presented: In Book of Exodus Read more…
Did Paul write the Pauline epistles? The majority of modern scholarship does not attribute authorship of the 6 “Pauline” epistles to the apostle Paul. This does not in any way mean that this is the consensus amongst modern scholars, there are many well respected scholars that have, and do Read more…
Jesus and the predicated I am statements John’s Stated Purpose: Messianic, Not Metaphysical John explicitly tells us why he wrote his Gospel: “But these are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye might have life through his name.” (John Read more…
Jesus and the I am statements The “I Am” Statements of Jesus Do They Constitute a Claim to Be YHWH? One of the most frequently repeated assertions in Trinitarian apologetics is that when Jesus says “I am” (Greek: ἐγώ εἰμι, ego eimi), he is identifying himself as YHWH, the God Read more…
Plurality Is Not Trinity: Why Old Testament Appeals Beg the Question One of the most common assertions made by Trinitarians is that the Old Testament teaches the Trinity. This claim is usually supported by appeals to passages containing plural language—statements where God speaks in the plural, acts through agents, or Read more…
Prolepsis and the Prophetic Perfect in the Bible: When Scripture Speaks of the Future as Already Accomplished Introduction One of the fascinating features of biblical language is the way Scripture sometimes speaks about future events as though they have already taken place. To modern readers this can appear confusing at Read more…